These, along with blood vessels in the naked skin surface, were easily damaged by the hot sun of the equator, and thus dark skin began to evolve. Most of the hair disappeared, and sweat glands, which are distinctive to humans, were developed. Rapid changes in nature demanded quick adaptation and well-functioning brains, which in turn demanded steady blood temperature. Beneath the scorching sun of Africa, the early homonids met two challenges: how to keep their brains cool and how to protect their skin against UV radiation. Many believe that «Ardi» had light skin under her hair, such as chimpanzees have today. Among our walking, bipedal ancestors, were the «Toumai» (about 7 million years ago) from Chad, the hairy Kenyan «Ardi» (4.4 million years), «Lucy» (3.3 million years) from the Great Rift Valley, and later « the Turkana Boy» (1.5 million years) from the same areas. In the beginning, in Africa, we lived in sunny areas with rapid natural changes. On the other hand, they have less chance of developing skin cancer. Where the sun is strongest, skin colour has become darkest, while weak solar radiation gives light skin colour.ĭark-skinned people need six times more sun than white-skinned people to get enough Vitamin D. Evolution has given us shades of skin colour from black to white, optimally adapted for us according to where we live on Earth. The skin is our body's wrapping, visible to everyone.
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